Antibodies

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are Y-shaped proteins composed of four polypeptide chains—two heavy chains and two light chains. They are specialized proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign substances called antigens. Antibodies play a crucial role in the body's defense against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. Download the Antibodies Quick Reference List