Research Antibiotics, Thiostrepton, 5 grams

Thiostrepton, 5 gram. Thiostrepton is a bactericidal macrocyclic thiopeptide antibiotic that is produced by Streptomyces azureus and was originally detailed by Donovick et al. in 1955. Thiostrepton shows broad activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as anti-plasmodial effects.

Thiostrepton inhibits prokaryotic translation by inhibiting ribosome turnover after the elongation step in protein synthesis by inhibiting both the dissociation of elongation factor G (EF-G) from the ribosome and the release of inorganic phosphate from EF-G following GTP hydrolysis. Thiostrepton has also been shown to inhibit the binding of elongation factor 4 (EF4) to the 70S ribosome.

Thiostrepton has been shown to inhibit the oncogenic transcription factor FoxM1 and is cytotoxic to malignant mesothelioma cells in a dose dependent fashion.

Thiostrepton conforms to United States Pharmacopeia specifications.

• Category: Microbiology
• CAS Number: 1393-48-2
• Molecular Formula: C₇₂H₈₅N₁₉O₁₈S₅
• Molecular Weight: 1664.89
• Mechanism of Action: Thiostrepton inhibits prokaryotic translation by inhibiting ribosome turnover after the elongation step in protein synthesis by inhibiting both the dissociation of elongation factor G (EF-G) from the ribosome and the release of inorganic phosphate from EF-G following GTP hydrolysis. Thiostrepton has also been shown to inhibit the binding of elongation factor 4 (EF4) to the 70S ribosome.
• Storage Conditions: -20°C
• Tariff Code: 2941.90.1050
• Spectrum: Thiostrepton is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which targets a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Thiostrepton has also shown antimalarial and gametocytocidal activity.

Cancer Applications

Thiostrepton is an inhibitor of Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), a transcription factor that has been shown to play an important role in the development and progression of human cancers. FoxM1 inhibited by thiostrepton induced apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPC) by down regulation of bcl-2, and the up-regulation of bax and p53, while also inducing the release of cytochrome c accompanied by activation of caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP.

Thiostrepton has been shown to be an effective anti-cancer stem cell agent in vitro, thiostrepton could selectively induce apoptosis in colorectal stem cells (CRSC) subpopulations in both parent HCT-15 and HT-29 human CRC lines as well as EMT and chemoresistant clones derived from them. Thiostrepton in combination with oxaliplatin was shown to eradicate CR44+ HCT-15 and HT-29 cells more effectively then either drug alone.

Microbiology Applications

The thiostrepton resistance gene (tsr) and its mutants can serve as effective selectable markers for the genetic modification of bacterial thermophiles, like Geobacillus Kaustophilus, and other bacteria.

It is used to treat pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections and is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, gynecologic infections, endocarditis, pneumonia, sepsis, peritonitis, respiratory infections, osteomyelitis, and other soft-tissue infections. It is a potential therapy for sinus infections. Tobramycin is used in Antimicrobial resistance studies.

Specifications

• Form: powder
• Appearance: off-white powder
• Source: Streptomyces azureus
• Melting Point: 246-256°C
• Assay (on dried basis): Not less than 900 u/mg
• Loss on Drying: Not more than 5.0%
• Residue On Ignition: Not more than 1.0%

References

Marson, C. M., and J. M. Kwok. "Thiostrepton Selectively Targets Breast Cancer Cells through Inhibition of Forkhead Box M1 Expression." Molecular Cancer Therapeutics (2008): 2022-032. www.ncbi.gov. Web. 27 Aug. 2012.

Walter, Justin D., Margaret Hunter, and Melanie Cobb. "Thiostrepton Inhibits Stable 70S Ribosome Binding and Ribosome-dependent GTPase Activation of Elongation Factor G and Elongation Factor 4." Oxford Journals (2011): n. pag. Nucleic Acids Research. Web. 27 Aug. 2012.

Aminake, M. N., Schoof, S., Sologub, L., Leubner, M., Kirschner, M., Arndt, H. D., & Pradel, G. (2011). Thiostrepton and derivatives exhibit antimalarial and gametocytocidal activity by dually targeting parasite proteasome and apicoplast. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 55(4), 1338-48.

Keisuke Wada, Jyumpei Kobayashi, Megumi Furukawa, Katsumi Doi, Takashi Ohshiro & Hirokazu Suzuki(2016) A thiostrepton resistance gene and its mutants serve as selectable markers in Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426, Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 80:2, 368-375, DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1079478

Ju, S-Y., Huang, C-YF., Huang, W-C., Su, Y. (2015). Identification of thiostrepton as a novel therapeutic agent that targets human colon cancer stem cells. Cell Death & Disease, 6(7), e1801

Jiang, L., Wang, P., Chen, L., & Chen, H. (2014). Down-regulation of FoxM1 by thiostrepton or small interfering RNA inhibits proliferation, transformation ability and angiogenesis, and induces apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 7(9), 5450-60.

Available Documents

• SDS
• Product Data Sheet
• Susceptibility and Resistance Data

Made by an ISO 9001:2015 certified antibiotic manufacturer focused on creating antibiotics through fermentation.

By removing contamination and streamlining gene selection, these research antibiotics help scientists make discoveries in cell/plant biology, microbiology, virology, stem cell therapy, and cancer research. Specializing in the pharmaceutical and biotech research sectors.

These products are specifically designed for research use and are not approved for human or animal consumption. Not FDA approved.

Note: These chemicals are for research & laboratory use only. Your order will not be processed if you do not ship to a registered laboratory or research facility.

Please note: This product is not returnable.